Contract

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

import {BaseSlasher} from "./BaseSlasher.sol";

import {IBaseDelegator} from "src/interfaces/delegator/IBaseDelegator.sol";
import {IRegistry} from "src/interfaces/common/IRegistry.sol";
import {IVault} from "src/interfaces/vault/IVault.sol";
import {IVetoSlasher} from "src/interfaces/slasher/IVetoSlasher.sol";

import {Checkpoints} from "src/contracts/libraries/Checkpoints.sol";
import {Subnetwork} from "src/contracts/libraries/Subnetwork.sol";

import {Math} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {Time} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/types/Time.sol";

contract VetoSlasher is BaseSlasher, IVetoSlasher {
    using Math for uint256;
    using SafeCast for uint256;
    using Checkpoints for Checkpoints.Trace208;
    using Subnetwork for address;

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVetoSlasher
     */
    address public immutable NETWORK_REGISTRY;

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVetoSlasher
     */
    SlashRequest[] public slashRequests;

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVetoSlasher
     */
    uint48 public vetoDuration;

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVetoSlasher
     */
    uint256 public resolverSetEpochsDelay;

    mapping(bytes32 subnetwork => Checkpoints.Trace208 value) internal _resolver;

    constructor(
        address vaultFactory,
        address networkMiddlewareService,
        address networkRegistry,
        address slasherFactory,
        uint64 entityType
    ) BaseSlasher(vaultFactory, networkMiddlewareService, slasherFactory, entityType) {
        NETWORK_REGISTRY = networkRegistry;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVetoSlasher
     */
    function slashRequestsLength() external view returns (uint256) {
        return slashRequests.length;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVetoSlasher
     */
    function resolverAt(bytes32 subnetwork, uint48 timestamp, bytes memory hint) public view returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(_resolver[subnetwork].upperLookupRecent(timestamp, hint)));
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVetoSlasher
     */
    function resolver(bytes32 subnetwork, bytes memory hint) public view returns (address) {
        return resolverAt(subnetwork, Time.timestamp(), hint);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVetoSlasher
     */
    function requestSlash(
        bytes32 subnetwork,
        address operator,
        uint256 amount,
        uint48 captureTimestamp,
        bytes calldata hints
    ) external onlyNetworkMiddleware(subnetwork) returns (uint256 slashIndex) {
        RequestSlashHints memory requestSlashHints;
        if (hints.length > 0) {
            requestSlashHints = abi.decode(hints, (RequestSlashHints));
        }

        if (
            captureTimestamp < Time.timestamp() + vetoDuration - IVault(vault).epochDuration()
                || captureTimestamp >= Time.timestamp()
        ) {
            revert InvalidCaptureTimestamp();
        }

        _checkLatestSlashedCaptureTimestamp(subnetwork, captureTimestamp);

        amount = Math.min(
            amount, slashableStake(subnetwork, operator, captureTimestamp, requestSlashHints.slashableStakeHints)
        );
        if (amount == 0) {
            revert InsufficientSlash();
        }

        uint48 vetoDeadline = Time.timestamp() + vetoDuration;

        slashIndex = slashRequests.length;
        slashRequests.push(
            SlashRequest({
                subnetwork: subnetwork,
                operator: operator,
                amount: amount,
                captureTimestamp: captureTimestamp,
                vetoDeadline: vetoDeadline,
                completed: false
            })
        );

        emit RequestSlash(slashIndex, subnetwork, operator, amount, captureTimestamp, vetoDeadline);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVetoSlasher
     */
    function executeSlash(uint256 slashIndex, bytes calldata hints) external returns (uint256 slashedAmount) {
        ExecuteSlashHints memory executeSlashHints;
        if (hints.length > 0) {
            executeSlashHints = abi.decode(hints, (ExecuteSlashHints));
        }

        if (slashIndex >= slashRequests.length) {
            revert SlashRequestNotExist();
        }

        SlashRequest storage request = slashRequests[slashIndex];

        if (
            request.vetoDeadline > Time.timestamp()
                && resolverAt(request.subnetwork, request.captureTimestamp, executeSlashHints.resolverHint) != address(0)
        ) {
            revert VetoPeriodNotEnded();
        }

        address vault_ = vault;
        if (Time.timestamp() - request.captureTimestamp > IVault(vault_).epochDuration()) {
            revert SlashPeriodEnded();
        }

        _checkLatestSlashedCaptureTimestamp(request.subnetwork, request.captureTimestamp);

        if (request.completed) {
            revert SlashRequestCompleted();
        }

        request.completed = true;

        if (latestSlashedCaptureTimestamp[request.subnetwork] < request.captureTimestamp) {
            latestSlashedCaptureTimestamp[request.subnetwork] = request.captureTimestamp;
        }

        slashedAmount = Math.min(
            request.amount,
            slashableStake(
                request.subnetwork, request.operator, request.captureTimestamp, executeSlashHints.slashableStakeHints
            )
        );

        if (slashedAmount > 0) {
            _updateCumulativeSlash(request.subnetwork, request.operator, slashedAmount);
        }

        IBaseDelegator(IVault(vault_).delegator()).onSlash(
            request.subnetwork, request.operator, slashedAmount, request.captureTimestamp, abi.encode(slashIndex)
        );

        if (slashedAmount > 0) {
            IVault(vault_).onSlash(slashedAmount, request.captureTimestamp);
        }

        emit ExecuteSlash(slashIndex, slashedAmount);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVetoSlasher
     */
    function vetoSlash(uint256 slashIndex, bytes calldata hints) external {
        VetoSlashHints memory vetoSlashHints;
        if (hints.length > 0) {
            vetoSlashHints = abi.decode(hints, (VetoSlashHints));
        }

        if (slashIndex >= slashRequests.length) {
            revert SlashRequestNotExist();
        }

        SlashRequest storage request = slashRequests[slashIndex];

        if (msg.sender != resolverAt(request.subnetwork, request.captureTimestamp, vetoSlashHints.resolverHint)) {
            revert NotResolver();
        }

        if (request.vetoDeadline <= Time.timestamp()) {
            revert VetoPeriodEnded();
        }

        if (request.completed) {
            revert SlashRequestCompleted();
        }

        request.completed = true;

        emit VetoSlash(slashIndex, msg.sender);
    }

    function setResolver(uint96 identifier, address resolver_, bytes calldata hints) external {
        SetResolverHints memory setResolverHints;
        if (hints.length > 0) {
            setResolverHints = abi.decode(hints, (SetResolverHints));
        }

        if (!IRegistry(NETWORK_REGISTRY).isEntity(msg.sender)) {
            revert NotNetwork();
        }

        address vault_ = vault;
        bytes32 subnetwork = (msg.sender).subnetwork(identifier);
        uint48 timestamp = resolver(subnetwork, setResolverHints.resolverHint) == address(0)
            ? Time.timestamp()
            : (IVault(vault_).currentEpochStart() + resolverSetEpochsDelay * IVault(vault_).epochDuration()).toUint48();

        (, uint48 latestTimestamp,) = _resolver[subnetwork].latestCheckpoint();
        if (latestTimestamp > Time.timestamp()) {
            _resolver[subnetwork].pop();
        }

        _resolver[subnetwork].push(timestamp, uint160(resolver_));

        emit SetResolver(subnetwork, resolver_);
    }

    function ___initialize(address vault_, bytes memory data) internal override {
        (InitParams memory params) = abi.decode(data, (InitParams));

        uint48 epochDuration = IVault(vault_).epochDuration();
        if (epochDuration == 0) {
            revert VaultNotInitialized();
        }
        if (params.vetoDuration >= epochDuration) {
            revert InvalidVetoDuration();
        }

        if (params.resolverSetEpochsDelay < 3) {
            revert InvalidResolverSetEpochsDelay();
        }

        vetoDuration = params.vetoDuration;

        resolverSetEpochsDelay = params.resolverSetEpochsDelay;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

import {Entity} from "src/contracts/common/Entity.sol";
import {StaticDelegateCallable} from "src/contracts/common/StaticDelegateCallable.sol";

import {IBaseDelegator} from "src/interfaces/delegator/IBaseDelegator.sol";
import {IBaseSlasher} from "src/interfaces/slasher/IBaseSlasher.sol";
import {INetworkMiddlewareService} from "src/interfaces/service/INetworkMiddlewareService.sol";
import {IRegistry} from "src/interfaces/common/IRegistry.sol";
import {IVault} from "src/interfaces/vault/IVault.sol";

import {Checkpoints} from "src/contracts/libraries/Checkpoints.sol";
import {Subnetwork} from "src/contracts/libraries/Subnetwork.sol";

import {Math} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";
import {Time} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/types/Time.sol";

abstract contract BaseSlasher is Entity, StaticDelegateCallable, IBaseSlasher {
    using Checkpoints for Checkpoints.Trace256;
    using Subnetwork for bytes32;

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IBaseSlasher
     */
    address public immutable VAULT_FACTORY;

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IBaseSlasher
     */
    address public immutable NETWORK_MIDDLEWARE_SERVICE;

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IBaseSlasher
     */
    address public vault;

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IBaseSlasher
     */
    mapping(bytes32 subnetwork => uint48 value) public latestSlashedCaptureTimestamp;

    mapping(bytes32 subnetwork => mapping(address operator => Checkpoints.Trace256 amount)) internal _cumulativeSlash;

    modifier onlyNetworkMiddleware(bytes32 subnetwork) {
        if (INetworkMiddlewareService(NETWORK_MIDDLEWARE_SERVICE).middleware(subnetwork.network()) != msg.sender) {
            revert NotNetworkMiddleware();
        }

        _;
    }

    constructor(
        address vaultFactory,
        address networkMiddlewareService,
        address slasherFactory,
        uint64 entityType
    ) Entity(slasherFactory, entityType) {
        VAULT_FACTORY = vaultFactory;
        NETWORK_MIDDLEWARE_SERVICE = networkMiddlewareService;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IBaseSlasher
     */
    function cumulativeSlashAt(
        bytes32 subnetwork,
        address operator,
        uint48 timestamp,
        bytes memory hint
    ) public view returns (uint256) {
        return _cumulativeSlash[subnetwork][operator].upperLookupRecent(timestamp, hint);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IBaseSlasher
     */
    function cumulativeSlash(bytes32 subnetwork, address operator) public view returns (uint256) {
        return _cumulativeSlash[subnetwork][operator].latest();
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IBaseSlasher
     */
    function slashableStake(
        bytes32 subnetwork,
        address operator,
        uint48 captureTimestamp,
        bytes memory hints
    ) public view returns (uint256) {
        SlashableStakeHints memory slashableStakeHints;
        if (hints.length > 0) {
            slashableStakeHints = abi.decode(hints, (SlashableStakeHints));
        }

        if (captureTimestamp < Time.timestamp() - IVault(vault).epochDuration() || captureTimestamp >= Time.timestamp())
        {
            return 0;
        }
        uint256 stakeAmount = IBaseDelegator(IVault(vault).delegator()).stakeAt(
            subnetwork, operator, captureTimestamp, slashableStakeHints.stakeHints
        );
        return stakeAmount
            - Math.min(
                cumulativeSlash(subnetwork, operator)
                    - cumulativeSlashAt(subnetwork, operator, captureTimestamp, slashableStakeHints.cumulativeSlashFromHint),
                stakeAmount
            );
    }

    function _checkLatestSlashedCaptureTimestamp(bytes32 subnetwork, uint48 captureTimestamp) internal view {
        if (captureTimestamp < latestSlashedCaptureTimestamp[subnetwork]) {
            revert OutdatedCaptureTimestamp();
        }
    }

    function _updateCumulativeSlash(bytes32 subnetwork, address operator, uint256 amount) internal {
        _cumulativeSlash[subnetwork][operator].push(Time.timestamp(), cumulativeSlash(subnetwork, operator) + amount);
    }

    function _initialize(bytes calldata data) internal override {
        (address vault_, bytes memory data_) = abi.decode(data, (address, bytes));

        if (!IRegistry(VAULT_FACTORY).isEntity(vault_)) {
            revert NotVault();
        }

        vault = vault_;

        ___initialize(vault_, data_);
    }

    function ___initialize(address vault_, bytes memory data) internal virtual {}
}

pragma solidity 0.8.25;

interface IBaseDelegator {
    error AlreadySet();
    error NotNetwork();
    error NotSlasher();
    error NotVault();

    /**
     * @notice Base parameters needed for delegators' deployment.
     * @param defaultAdminRoleHolder address of the initial DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE holder
     * @param hook address of the hook contract
     * @param hookSetRoleHolder address of the initial HOOK_SET_ROLE holder
     */
    struct BaseParams {
        address defaultAdminRoleHolder;
        address hook;
        address hookSetRoleHolder;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Base hints for a stake.
     * @param operatorVaultOptInHint hint for the operator-vault opt-in
     * @param operatorNetworkOptInHint hint for the operator-network opt-in
     */
    struct StakeBaseHints {
        bytes operatorVaultOptInHint;
        bytes operatorNetworkOptInHint;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a subnetwork's maximum limit is set.
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param amount new maximum subnetwork's limit (how much stake the subnetwork is ready to get)
     */
    event SetMaxNetworkLimit(bytes32 indexed subnetwork, uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a slash happened.
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param operator address of the operator
     * @param slashedAmount amount of the collateral slashed
     */
    event OnSlash(bytes32 indexed subnetwork, address indexed operator, uint256 slashedAmount);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a hook is set.
     * @param hook address of the hook
     */
    event SetHook(address indexed hook);

    /**
     * @notice Get a version of the delegator (different versions mean different interfaces).
     * @return version of the delegator
     * @dev Must return 1 for this one.
     */
    function VERSION() external view returns (uint64);

    /**
     * @notice Get the network registry's address.
     * @return address of the network registry
     */
    function NETWORK_REGISTRY() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get the vault factory's address.
     * @return address of the vault factory
     */
    function VAULT_FACTORY() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get the operator-vault opt-in service's address.
     * @return address of the operator-vault opt-in service
     */
    function OPERATOR_VAULT_OPT_IN_SERVICE() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get the operator-network opt-in service's address.
     * @return address of the operator-network opt-in service
     */
    function OPERATOR_NETWORK_OPT_IN_SERVICE() external view returns (address);

    function HOOK_SET_ROLE() external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @notice Get the vault's address.
     * @return address of the vault
     */
    function vault() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get the hook's address.
     * @return address of the hook
     * @dev The hook can have arbitrary logic under certain functions, however, it doesn't affect the stake guarantees.
     */
    function hook() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get a particular subnetwork's maximum limit
     *         (meaning the subnetwork is not ready to get more as a stake).
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @return maximum limit of the subnetwork
     */
    function maxNetworkLimit(bytes32 subnetwork) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a stake that a given subnetwork could be able to slash for a certain operator at a given timestamp
     *         until the end of the consequent epoch using hints (if no cross-slashing and no slashings by the subnetwork).
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param operator address of the operator
     * @param timestamp time point to capture the stake at
     * @param hints hints for the checkpoints' indexes
     * @return slashable stake at the given timestamp until the end of the consequent epoch
     * @dev Warning: it is not safe to use timestamp >= current one for the stake capturing, as it can change later.
     */
    function stakeAt(
        bytes32 subnetwork,
        address operator,
        uint48 timestamp,
        bytes memory hints
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a stake that a given subnetwork will be able to slash
     *         for a certain operator until the end of the next epoch (if no cross-slashing and no slashings by the subnetwork).
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param operator address of the operator
     * @return slashable stake until the end of the next epoch
     * @dev Warning: this function is not safe to use for stake capturing, as it can change by the end of the block.
     */
    function stake(bytes32 subnetwork, address operator) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Set a maximum limit for a subnetwork (how much stake the subnetwork is ready to get).
     * identifier identifier of the subnetwork
     * @param amount new maximum subnetwork's limit
     * @dev Only a network can call this function.
     */
    function setMaxNetworkLimit(uint96 identifier, uint256 amount) external;

    /**
     * @notice Set a new hook.
     * @param hook address of the hook
     * @dev Only a HOOK_SET_ROLE holder can call this function.
     *      The hook can have arbitrary logic under certain functions, however, it doesn't affect the stake guarantees.
     */
    function setHook(address hook) external;

    /**
     * @notice Called when a slash happens.
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param operator address of the operator
     * @param slashedAmount amount of the collateral slashed
     * @param captureTimestamp time point when the stake was captured
     * @param data some additional data
     * @dev Only the vault's slasher can call this function.
     */
    function onSlash(
        bytes32 subnetwork,
        address operator,
        uint256 slashedAmount,
        uint48 captureTimestamp,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

interface IRegistry {
    error EntityNotExist();

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when an entity is added.
     * @param entity address of the added entity
     */
    event AddEntity(address indexed entity);

    /**
     * @notice Get if a given address is an entity.
     * @param account address to check
     * @return if the given address is an entity
     */
    function isEntity(address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice Get a total number of entities.
     * @return total number of entities added
     */
    function totalEntities() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get an entity given its index.
     * @param index index of the entity to get
     * @return address of the entity
     */
    function entity(uint256 index) external view returns (address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

import {IVaultStorage} from "./IVaultStorage.sol";

interface IVault is IVaultStorage {
    error AlreadyClaimed();
    error AlreadySet();
    error InsufficientClaim();
    error InsufficientDeposit();
    error InsufficientWithdrawal();
    error InvalidAccount();
    error InvalidCaptureEpoch();
    error InvalidClaimer();
    error InvalidCollateral();
    error InvalidEpoch();
    error InvalidEpochDuration();
    error InvalidLengthEpochs();
    error InvalidOnBehalfOf();
    error InvalidRecipient();
    error MissingRoles();
    error NoDepositWhitelist();
    error NotDelegator();
    error NotSlasher();
    error NotWhitelistedDepositor();
    error TooMuchWithdraw();

    /**
     * @notice Initial parameters needed for a vault deployment.
     * @param collateral vault's underlying collateral
     * @param delegator vault's delegator to delegate the stake to networks and operators
     * @param slasher vault's slasher to provide a slashing mechanism to networks
     * @param burner vault's burner to issue debt to (e.g., 0xdEaD or some unwrapper contract)
     * @param epochDuration duration of the vault epoch (it determines sync points for withdrawals)
     * @param depositWhitelist if enabling deposit whitelist
     * @param defaultAdminRoleHolder address of the initial DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE holder
     * @param depositWhitelistSetRoleHolder address of the initial DEPOSIT_WHITELIST_SET_ROLE holder
     * @param depositorWhitelistRoleHolder address of the initial DEPOSITOR_WHITELIST_ROLE holder
     */
    struct InitParams {
        address collateral;
        address delegator;
        address slasher;
        address burner;
        uint48 epochDuration;
        bool depositWhitelist;
        address defaultAdminRoleHolder;
        address depositWhitelistSetRoleHolder;
        address depositorWhitelistRoleHolder;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Hints for an active balance.
     * @param activeSharesOfHint hint for the active shares of checkpoint
     * @param activeStakeHint hint for the active stake checkpoint
     * @param activeSharesHint hint for the active shares checkpoint
     */
    struct ActiveBalanceOfHints {
        bytes activeSharesOfHint;
        bytes activeStakeHint;
        bytes activeSharesHint;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a deposit is made.
     * @param depositor account that made the deposit
     * @param onBehalfOf account the deposit was made on behalf of
     * @param amount amount of the collateral deposited
     * @param shares amount of the active shares minted
     */
    event Deposit(address indexed depositor, address indexed onBehalfOf, uint256 amount, uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a withdrawal is made.
     * @param withdrawer account that made the withdrawal
     * @param claimer account that needs to claim the withdrawal
     * @param amount amount of the collateral withdrawn
     * @param burnedShares amount of the active shares burned
     * @param mintedShares amount of the epoch withdrawal shares minted
     */
    event Withdraw(
        address indexed withdrawer, address indexed claimer, uint256 amount, uint256 burnedShares, uint256 mintedShares
    );

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a claim is made.
     * @param claimer account that claimed
     * @param recipient account that received the collateral
     * @param epoch epoch the collateral was claimed for
     * @param amount amount of the collateral claimed
     */
    event Claim(address indexed claimer, address indexed recipient, uint256 epoch, uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a batch claim is made.
     * @param claimer account that claimed
     * @param recipient account that received the collateral
     * @param epochs epochs the collateral was claimed for
     * @param amount amount of the collateral claimed
     */
    event ClaimBatch(address indexed claimer, address indexed recipient, uint256[] epochs, uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a slash happened.
     * @param slasher address of the slasher
     * @param slashedAmount amount of the collateral slashed
     */
    event OnSlash(address indexed slasher, uint256 slashedAmount);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a deposit whitelist status is enabled/disabled.
     * @param depositWhitelist if enabled deposit whitelist
     */
    event SetDepositWhitelist(bool depositWhitelist);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a depositor whitelist status is set.
     * @param account account for which the whitelist status is set
     * @param status if whitelisted the account
     */
    event SetDepositorWhitelistStatus(address indexed account, bool status);

    /**
     * @notice Get a total amount of the collateral that can be slashed.
     * @return total amount of the slashable collateral
     */
    function totalStake() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get an active balance for a particular account at a given timestamp using hints.
     * @param account account to get the active balance for
     * @param timestamp time point to get the active balance for the account at
     * @param hints hints for checkpoints' indexes
     * @return active balance for the account at the timestamp
     */
    function activeBalanceOfAt(
        address account,
        uint48 timestamp,
        bytes calldata hints
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get an active balance for a particular account.
     * @param account account to get the active balance for
     * @return active balance for the account
     */
    function activeBalanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get withdrawals for a particular account at a given epoch (zero if claimed).
     * @param epoch epoch to get the withdrawals for the account at
     * @param account account to get the withdrawals for
     * @return withdrawals for the account at the epoch
     */
    function withdrawalsOf(uint256 epoch, address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a total amount of the collateral that can be slashed for a given account.
     * @return total amount of the slashable collateral
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Deposit collateral into the vault.
     * @param onBehalfOf account the deposit is made on behalf of
     * @param amount amount of the collateral to deposit
     * @return depositedAmount amount of the collateral deposited
     * @return mintedShares amount of the active shares minted
     */
    function deposit(
        address onBehalfOf,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (uint256 depositedAmount, uint256 mintedShares);

    /**
     * @notice Withdraw collateral from the vault (it will be claimable after the next epoch).
     * @param claimer account that needs to claim the withdrawal
     * @param amount amount of the collateral to withdraw
     * @return burnedShares amount of the active shares burned
     * @return mintedShares amount of the epoch withdrawal shares minted
     */
    function withdraw(address claimer, uint256 amount) external returns (uint256 burnedShares, uint256 mintedShares);

    /**
     * @notice Claim collateral from the vault.
     * @param recipient account that receives the collateral
     * @param epoch epoch to claim the collateral for
     * @return amount amount of the collateral claimed
     */
    function claim(address recipient, uint256 epoch) external returns (uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @notice Claim collateral from the vault for multiple epochs.
     * @param recipient account that receives the collateral
     * @param epochs epochs to claim the collateral for
     * @return amount amount of the collateral claimed
     */
    function claimBatch(address recipient, uint256[] calldata epochs) external returns (uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @notice Slash callback for burning collateral.
     * @param slashedAmount amount to slash
     * @param captureTimestamp time point when the stake was captured
     * @dev Only the slasher can call this function.
     */
    function onSlash(uint256 slashedAmount, uint48 captureTimestamp) external;

    /**
     * @notice Enable/disable deposit whitelist.
     * @param status if enabling deposit whitelist
     * @dev Only a DEPOSIT_WHITELIST_SET_ROLE holder can call this function.
     */
    function setDepositWhitelist(bool status) external;

    /**
     * @notice Set a depositor whitelist status.
     * @param account account for which the whitelist status is set
     * @param status if whitelisting the account
     * @dev Only a DEPOSITOR_WHITELIST_ROLE holder can call this function.
     */
    function setDepositorWhitelistStatus(address account, bool status) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

interface IVetoSlasher {
    error InsufficientSlash();
    error InvalidCaptureTimestamp();
    error InvalidResolverSetEpochsDelay();
    error InvalidVetoDuration();
    error NotNetwork();
    error NotResolver();
    error SlashPeriodEnded();
    error SlashRequestCompleted();
    error SlashRequestNotExist();
    error VaultNotInitialized();
    error VetoPeriodEnded();
    error VetoPeriodNotEnded();

    /**
     * @notice Initial parameters needed for a slasher deployment.
     * @param vetoDuration duration of the veto period for a slash request
     * @param resolverSetEpochsDelay delay in epochs for a network to update a resolver
     */
    struct InitParams {
        uint48 vetoDuration;
        uint256 resolverSetEpochsDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Structure for a slash request.
     * @param subnetwork subnetwork that requested the slash
     * @param operator operator that could be slashed (if the request is not vetoed)
     * @param amount maximum amount of the collateral to be slashed
     * @param captureTimestamp time point when the stake was captured
     * @param vetoDeadline deadline for the resolver to veto the slash (exclusively)
     * @param completed if the slash was vetoed/executed
     */
    struct SlashRequest {
        bytes32 subnetwork;
        address operator;
        uint256 amount;
        uint48 captureTimestamp;
        uint48 vetoDeadline;
        bool completed;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Hints for a slash request.
     * @param slashableStakeHints hints for the slashable stake checkpoints
     */
    struct RequestSlashHints {
        bytes slashableStakeHints;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Hints for a slash execute.
     * @param resolverHint hint for the resolver checkpoint
     * @param slashableStakeHints hints for the slashable stake checkpoints
     */
    struct ExecuteSlashHints {
        bytes resolverHint;
        bytes slashableStakeHints;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Hints for a slash veto.
     * @param resolverHint hint for the resolver checkpoint
     */
    struct VetoSlashHints {
        bytes resolverHint;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Hints for a resolver set.
     * @param resolverHint hint for the resolver checkpoint
     */
    struct SetResolverHints {
        bytes resolverHint;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a slash request is created.
     * @param slashIndex index of the slash request
     * @param subnetwork subnetwork that requested the slash
     * @param operator operator that could be slashed (if the request is not vetoed)
     * @param slashAmount maximum amount of the collateral to be slashed
     * @param captureTimestamp time point when the stake was captured
     * @param vetoDeadline deadline for the resolver to veto the slash (exclusively)
     */
    event RequestSlash(
        uint256 indexed slashIndex,
        bytes32 indexed subnetwork,
        address indexed operator,
        uint256 slashAmount,
        uint48 captureTimestamp,
        uint48 vetoDeadline
    );

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a slash request is executed.
     * @param slashIndex index of the slash request
     * @param slashedAmount amount of the collateral slashed
     */
    event ExecuteSlash(uint256 indexed slashIndex, uint256 slashedAmount);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a slash request is vetoed.
     * @param slashIndex index of the slash request
     * @param resolver address of the resolver that vetoed the slash
     */
    event VetoSlash(uint256 indexed slashIndex, address indexed resolver);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a resolver is set.
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param resolver address of the resolver
     */
    event SetResolver(bytes32 indexed subnetwork, address resolver);

    /**
     * @notice Get the network registry's address.
     * @return address of the network registry
     */
    function NETWORK_REGISTRY() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get a duration during which resolvers can veto slash requests.
     * @return duration of the veto period
     */
    function vetoDuration() external view returns (uint48);

    /**
     * @notice Get a total number of slash requests.
     * @return total number of slash requests
     */
    function slashRequestsLength() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a particular slash request.
     * @param slashIndex index of the slash request
     * @return subnetwork subnetwork that requested the slash
     * @return operator operator that could be slashed (if the request is not vetoed)
     * @return amount maximum amount of the collateral to be slashed
     * @return captureTimestamp time point when the stake was captured
     * @return vetoDeadline deadline for the resolver to veto the slash (exclusively)
     * @return completed if the slash was vetoed/executed
     */
    function slashRequests(uint256 slashIndex)
        external
        view
        returns (
            bytes32 subnetwork,
            address operator,
            uint256 amount,
            uint48 captureTimestamp,
            uint48 vetoDeadline,
            bool completed
        );

    /**
     * @notice Get a delay for networks in epochs to update a resolver.
     * @return updating resolver delay in epochs
     */
    function resolverSetEpochsDelay() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a resolver for a given subnetwork at a particular timestamp using a hint.
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param timestamp timestamp to get the resolver at
     * @param hints hints for the checkpoint index
     * @return address of the resolver
     */
    function resolverAt(bytes32 subnetwork, uint48 timestamp, bytes memory hints) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get a resolver for a given subnetwork using a hint.
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param hint hint for the checkpoint index
     * @return address of the resolver
     */
    function resolver(bytes32 subnetwork, bytes memory hint) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Request a slash using a subnetwork for a particular operator by a given amount using hints.
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param operator address of the operator
     * @param amount maximum amount of the collateral to be slashed
     * @param captureTimestamp time point when the stake was captured
     * @param hints hints for checkpoints' indexes
     * @return slashIndex index of the slash request
     * @dev Only network middleware can call this function.
     */
    function requestSlash(
        bytes32 subnetwork,
        address operator,
        uint256 amount,
        uint48 captureTimestamp,
        bytes calldata hints
    ) external returns (uint256 slashIndex);

    /**
     * @notice Execute a slash with a given slash index using hints.
     * @param slashIndex index of the slash request
     * @param hints hints for checkpoints' indexes
     * @return slashedAmount amount of the collateral slashed
     * @dev Anyone can call this function.
     */
    function executeSlash(uint256 slashIndex, bytes calldata hints) external returns (uint256 slashedAmount);

    /**
     * @notice Veto a slash with a given slash index using hints.
     * @param slashIndex index of the slash request
     * @param hints hints for checkpoints' indexes
     * @dev Only a resolver can call this function.
     */
    function vetoSlash(uint256 slashIndex, bytes calldata hints) external;

    /**
     * @notice Set a resolver for a subnetwork using hints.
     * identifier identifier of the subnetwork
     * @param resolver address of the resolver
     * @param hints hints for checkpoints' indexes
     * @dev Only a network can call this function.
     */
    function setResolver(uint96 identifier, address resolver, bytes calldata hints) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

import {Checkpoints as OZCheckpoints} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/structs/Checkpoints.sol";
import {Math} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";

/**
 * @dev This library defines the `Trace*` struct, for checkpointing values as they change at different points in
 * time, and later looking up past values by key.
 */
library Checkpoints {
    using OZCheckpoints for OZCheckpoints.Trace208;

    error SystemCheckpoint();

    struct Trace208 {
        OZCheckpoints.Trace208 _trace;
    }

    struct Checkpoint208 {
        uint48 _key;
        uint208 _value;
    }

    struct Trace256 {
        OZCheckpoints.Trace208 _trace;
        uint256[] _values;
    }

    struct Checkpoint256 {
        uint48 _key;
        uint256 _value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Pushes a (`key`, `value`) pair into a Trace208 so that it is stored as the checkpoint.
     *
     * Returns previous value and new value.
     */
    function push(Trace208 storage self, uint48 key, uint208 value) internal returns (uint208, uint208) {
        return self._trace.push(key, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the last (most recent) checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key, or zero
     * if there is none.
     */
    function upperLookupRecent(Trace208 storage self, uint48 key) internal view returns (uint208) {
        return self._trace.upperLookupRecent(key);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the last (most recent) checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key, or zero
     * if there is none.
     *
     * NOTE: This is a variant of {upperLookupRecent} that can be optimized by getting the hint
     * (index of the checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key).
     */
    function upperLookupRecent(Trace208 storage self, uint48 key, bytes memory hint_) internal view returns (uint208) {
        if (hint_.length == 0) {
            return upperLookupRecent(self, key);
        }

        uint32 hint = abi.decode(hint_, (uint32));
        Checkpoint208 memory checkpoint = at(self, hint);
        if (checkpoint._key == key) {
            return checkpoint._value;
        }

        if (checkpoint._key < key && (hint == length(self) - 1 || at(self, hint + 1)._key > key)) {
            return checkpoint._value;
        }

        return upperLookupRecent(self, key);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether there is a checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key in the structure (i.e. it is not empty),
     * and if so the key and value in the checkpoint, and its position in the trace.
     */
    function upperLookupRecentCheckpoint(
        Trace208 storage self,
        uint48 key
    ) internal view returns (bool, uint48, uint208, uint32) {
        uint256 len = self._trace._checkpoints.length;

        uint256 low = 0;
        uint256 high = len;

        if (len > 5) {
            uint256 mid = len - Math.sqrt(len);
            if (key < _unsafeAccess(self._trace._checkpoints, mid)._key) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }

        uint256 pos = _upperBinaryLookup(self._trace._checkpoints, key, low, high);

        if (pos == 0) {
            return (false, 0, 0, 0);
        }

        OZCheckpoints.Checkpoint208 memory checkpoint = _unsafeAccess(self._trace._checkpoints, pos - 1);
        return (true, checkpoint._key, checkpoint._value, uint32(pos - 1));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether there is a checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key in the structure (i.e. it is not empty),
     * and if so the key and value in the checkpoint, and its position in the trace.
     *
     * NOTE: This is a variant of {upperLookupRecentCheckpoint} that can be optimized by getting the hint
     * (index of the checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key).
     */
    function upperLookupRecentCheckpoint(
        Trace208 storage self,
        uint48 key,
        bytes memory hint_
    ) internal view returns (bool, uint48, uint208, uint32) {
        if (hint_.length == 0) {
            return upperLookupRecentCheckpoint(self, key);
        }

        uint32 hint = abi.decode(hint_, (uint32));
        Checkpoint208 memory checkpoint = at(self, hint);
        if (checkpoint._key == key) {
            return (true, checkpoint._key, checkpoint._value, hint);
        }

        if (checkpoint._key < key && (hint == length(self) - 1 || at(self, hint + 1)._key > key)) {
            return (true, checkpoint._key, checkpoint._value, hint);
        }

        return upperLookupRecentCheckpoint(self, key);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the most recent checkpoint, or zero if there are no checkpoints.
     */
    function latest(Trace208 storage self) internal view returns (uint208) {
        return self._trace.latest();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether there is a checkpoint in the structure (i.e. it is not empty), and if so the key and value
     * in the most recent checkpoint.
     */
    function latestCheckpoint(Trace208 storage self) internal view returns (bool, uint48, uint208) {
        return self._trace.latestCheckpoint();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns a total number of checkpoints.
     */
    function length(Trace208 storage self) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return self._trace.length();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns checkpoint at a given position.
     */
    function at(Trace208 storage self, uint32 pos) internal view returns (Checkpoint208 memory) {
        OZCheckpoints.Checkpoint208 memory checkpoint = self._trace.at(pos);
        return Checkpoint208({_key: checkpoint._key, _value: checkpoint._value});
    }

    /**
     * @dev Pops the last (most recent) checkpoint.
     */
    function pop(Trace208 storage self) internal returns (uint208 value) {
        value = self._trace.latest();
        self._trace._checkpoints.pop();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Pushes a (`key`, `value`) pair into a Trace256 so that it is stored as the checkpoint.
     *
     * Returns previous value and new value.
     */
    function push(Trace256 storage self, uint48 key, uint256 value) internal returns (uint256, uint256) {
        if (self._values.length == 0) {
            self._values.push(0);
        }

        uint256 len = self._values.length;
        self._trace.push(key, uint208(len));
        self._values.push(value);

        return (self._values[len - 1], value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the last (most recent) checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key, or zero
     * if there is none.
     */
    function upperLookupRecent(Trace256 storage self, uint48 key) internal view returns (uint256) {
        uint208 idx = self._trace.upperLookupRecent(key);
        return idx > 0 ? self._values[idx] : 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the last (most recent) checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key, or zero
     * if there is none.
     *
     * NOTE: This is a variant of {upperLookupRecent} that can be optimized by getting the hint
     * (index of the checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key).
     */
    function upperLookupRecent(Trace256 storage self, uint48 key, bytes memory hint_) internal view returns (uint256) {
        if (hint_.length == 0) {
            return upperLookupRecent(self, key);
        }

        uint32 hint = abi.decode(hint_, (uint32));
        Checkpoint256 memory checkpoint = at(self, hint);
        if (checkpoint._key == key) {
            return checkpoint._value;
        }

        if (checkpoint._key < key && (hint == length(self) - 1 || at(self, hint + 1)._key > key)) {
            return checkpoint._value;
        }

        return upperLookupRecent(self, key);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether there is a checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key in the structure (i.e. it is not empty),
     * and if so the key and value in the checkpoint, and its position in the trace.
     */
    function upperLookupRecentCheckpoint(
        Trace256 storage self,
        uint48 key
    ) internal view returns (bool, uint48, uint256, uint32) {
        uint256 len = self._trace._checkpoints.length;

        uint256 low = 0;
        uint256 high = len;

        if (len > 5) {
            uint256 mid = len - Math.sqrt(len);
            if (key < _unsafeAccess(self._trace._checkpoints, mid)._key) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }

        uint256 pos = _upperBinaryLookup(self._trace._checkpoints, key, low, high);

        if (pos == 0) {
            return (false, 0, 0, 0);
        }

        OZCheckpoints.Checkpoint208 memory checkpoint = _unsafeAccess(self._trace._checkpoints, pos - 1);
        return (true, checkpoint._key, self._values[checkpoint._value], uint32(pos - 1));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether there is a checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key in the structure (i.e. it is not empty),
     * and if so the key and value in the checkpoint, and its position in the trace.
     *
     * NOTE: This is a variant of {upperLookupRecentCheckpoint} that can be optimized by getting the hint
     * (index of the checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key).
     */
    function upperLookupRecentCheckpoint(
        Trace256 storage self,
        uint48 key,
        bytes memory hint_
    ) internal view returns (bool, uint48, uint256, uint32) {
        if (hint_.length == 0) {
            return upperLookupRecentCheckpoint(self, key);
        }

        uint32 hint = abi.decode(hint_, (uint32));
        Checkpoint256 memory checkpoint = at(self, hint);
        if (checkpoint._key == key) {
            return (true, checkpoint._key, self._values[checkpoint._value], hint);
        }

        if (checkpoint._key < key && (hint == length(self) - 1 || at(self, hint + 1)._key > key)) {
            return (true, checkpoint._key, self._values[checkpoint._value], hint);
        }

        return upperLookupRecentCheckpoint(self, key);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the most recent checkpoint, or zero if there are no checkpoints.
     */
    function latest(Trace256 storage self) internal view returns (uint256) {
        uint208 idx = self._trace.latest();
        return idx > 0 ? self._values[idx] : 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether there is a checkpoint in the structure (i.e. it is not empty), and if so the key and value
     * in the most recent checkpoint.
     */
    function latestCheckpoint(Trace256 storage self) internal view returns (bool exists, uint48 _key, uint256 _value) {
        uint256 idx;
        (exists, _key, idx) = self._trace.latestCheckpoint();
        _value = exists ? self._values[idx] : 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns a total number of checkpoints.
     */
    function length(Trace256 storage self) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return self._trace.length();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns checkpoint at a given position.
     */
    function at(Trace256 storage self, uint32 pos) internal view returns (Checkpoint256 memory) {
        OZCheckpoints.Checkpoint208 memory checkpoint = self._trace.at(pos);
        return Checkpoint256({_key: checkpoint._key, _value: self._values[checkpoint._value]});
    }

    /**
     * @dev Pops the last (most recent) checkpoint.
     */
    function pop(Trace256 storage self) internal returns (uint256 value) {
        uint208 idx = self._trace.latest();
        if (idx == 0) {
            revert SystemCheckpoint();
        }
        value = self._values[idx];
        self._trace._checkpoints.pop();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the index of the last (most recent) checkpoint with a key lower or equal than the search key, or `high`
     * if there is none. `low` and `high` define a section where to do the search, with inclusive `low` and exclusive
     * `high`.
     *
     * WARNING: `high` should not be greater than the array's length.
     */
    function _upperBinaryLookup(
        OZCheckpoints.Checkpoint208[] storage self,
        uint96 key,
        uint256 low,
        uint256 high
    ) private view returns (uint256) {
        while (low < high) {
            uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
            if (_unsafeAccess(self, mid)._key > key) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }
        return high;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Access an element of the array without performing a bounds check. The position is assumed to be within bounds.
     */
    function _unsafeAccess(
        OZCheckpoints.Checkpoint208[] storage self,
        uint256 pos
    ) private pure returns (OZCheckpoints.Checkpoint208 storage result) {
        assembly {
            mstore(0, self.slot)
            result.slot := add(keccak256(0, 0x20), pos)
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

/**
 * @dev This library adds functions to work with subnetworks.
 */
library Subnetwork {
    function subnetwork(address network_, uint96 identifier_) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return bytes32(uint256(uint160(network_)) << 96 | identifier_);
    }

    function network(bytes32 subnetwork_) internal pure returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(uint256(subnetwork_ >> 96)));
    }

    function identifier(bytes32 subnetwork_) internal pure returns (uint96) {
        return uint96(uint256(subnetwork_));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    /**
     * @dev Muldiv operation overflow.
     */
    error MathOverflowedMulDiv();

    enum Rounding {
        Floor, // Toward negative infinity
        Ceil, // Toward positive infinity
        Trunc, // Toward zero
        Expand // Away from zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            if (c < a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b > a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a - b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
            // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
            // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
            if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
            uint256 c = a * b;
            if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a / b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a % b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead
     * of rounding towards zero.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (b == 0) {
            // Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.
            return a / b;
        }

        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or
     * denominator == 0.
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by
     * Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0 = x * y; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            if (denominator <= prod1) {
                revert MathOverflowedMulDiv();
            }

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.
            // Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also
            // works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded
     * towards zero.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether a provided rounding mode is considered rounding up for unsigned integers.
     */
    function unsignedRoundsUp(Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return uint8(rounding) % 2 == 1;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/math/SafeCast.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/SafeCast.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's uintXX/intXX casting operators with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Downcasting from uint256/int256 in Solidity does not revert on overflow. This can
 * easily result in undesired exploitation or bugs, since developers usually
 * assume that overflows raise errors. `SafeCast` restores this intuition by
 * reverting the transaction when such an operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 */
library SafeCast {
    /**
     * @dev Value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(uint8 bits, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev An int value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(int256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(uint8 bits, int256 value);

    /**
     * @dev An uint value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.
     */
    error SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint248 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     */
    function toUint248(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint248) {
        if (value > type(uint248).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(248, value);
        }
        return uint248(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint240 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     */
    function toUint240(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint240) {
        if (value > type(uint240).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(240, value);
        }
        return uint240(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint232 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     */
    function toUint232(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint232) {
        if (value > type(uint232).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(232, value);
        }
        return uint232(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint224 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     */
    function toUint224(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint224) {
        if (value > type(uint224).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(224, value);
        }
        return uint224(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint216 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     */
    function toUint216(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint216) {
        if (value > type(uint216).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(216, value);
        }
        return uint216(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint208 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     */
    function toUint208(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint208) {
        if (value > type(uint208).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(208, value);
        }
        return uint208(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint200 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     */
    function toUint200(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint200) {
        if (value > type(uint200).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(200, value);
        }
        return uint200(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint192 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     */
    function toUint192(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint192) {
        if (value > type(uint192).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(192, value);
        }
        return uint192(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint184 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     */
    function toUint184(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint184) {
        if (value > type(uint184).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(184, value);
        }
        return uint184(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint176 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     */
    function toUint176(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint176) {
        if (value > type(uint176).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(176, value);
        }
        return uint176(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint168 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     */
    function toUint168(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint168) {
        if (value > type(uint168).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(168, value);
        }
        return uint168(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint160 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     */
    function toUint160(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint160) {
        if (value > type(uint160).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(160, value);
        }
        return uint160(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint152 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     */
    function toUint152(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint152) {
        if (value > type(uint152).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(152, value);
        }
        return uint152(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint144 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     */
    function toUint144(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint144) {
        if (value > type(uint144).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(144, value);
        }
        return uint144(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint136 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     */
    function toUint136(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint136) {
        if (value > type(uint136).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(136, value);
        }
        return uint136(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint128 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     */
    function toUint128(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint128) {
        if (value > type(uint128).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(128, value);
        }
        return uint128(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint120 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     */
    function toUint120(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint120) {
        if (value > type(uint120).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(120, value);
        }
        return uint120(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint112 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     */
    function toUint112(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint112) {
        if (value > type(uint112).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(112, value);
        }
        return uint112(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint104 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     */
    function toUint104(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint104) {
        if (value > type(uint104).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(104, value);
        }
        return uint104(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint96 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     */
    function toUint96(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint96) {
        if (value > type(uint96).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(96, value);
        }
        return uint96(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint88 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     */
    function toUint88(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint88) {
        if (value > type(uint88).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(88, value);
        }
        return uint88(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint80 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     */
    function toUint80(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint80) {
        if (value > type(uint80).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(80, value);
        }
        return uint80(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint72 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     */
    function toUint72(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint72) {
        if (value > type(uint72).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(72, value);
        }
        return uint72(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint64 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     */
    function toUint64(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint64) {
        if (value > type(uint64).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(64, value);
        }
        return uint64(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint56 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     */
    function toUint56(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint56) {
        if (value > type(uint56).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(56, value);
        }
        return uint56(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint48 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     */
    function toUint48(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint48) {
        if (value > type(uint48).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(48, value);
        }
        return uint48(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint40 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     */
    function toUint40(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint40) {
        if (value > type(uint40).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(40, value);
        }
        return uint40(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint32 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     */
    function toUint32(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint32) {
        if (value > type(uint32).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(32, value);
        }
        return uint32(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint24 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     */
    function toUint24(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint24) {
        if (value > type(uint24).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(24, value);
        }
        return uint24(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint16 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     */
    function toUint16(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint16) {
        if (value > type(uint16).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(16, value);
        }
        return uint16(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted uint8 from uint256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     */
    function toUint8(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        if (value > type(uint8).max) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(8, value);
        }
        return uint8(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a signed int256 into an unsigned uint256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be greater than or equal to 0.
     */
    function toUint256(int256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (value < 0) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(value);
        }
        return uint256(value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int248 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int248 or
     * greater than largest int248).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int248` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 248 bits
     */
    function toInt248(int256 value) internal pure returns (int248 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int248(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(248, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int240 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int240 or
     * greater than largest int240).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int240` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 240 bits
     */
    function toInt240(int256 value) internal pure returns (int240 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int240(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(240, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int232 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int232 or
     * greater than largest int232).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int232` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 232 bits
     */
    function toInt232(int256 value) internal pure returns (int232 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int232(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(232, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int224 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int224 or
     * greater than largest int224).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int224` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 224 bits
     */
    function toInt224(int256 value) internal pure returns (int224 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int224(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(224, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int216 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int216 or
     * greater than largest int216).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int216` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 216 bits
     */
    function toInt216(int256 value) internal pure returns (int216 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int216(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(216, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int208 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int208 or
     * greater than largest int208).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int208` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 208 bits
     */
    function toInt208(int256 value) internal pure returns (int208 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int208(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(208, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int200 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int200 or
     * greater than largest int200).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int200` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 200 bits
     */
    function toInt200(int256 value) internal pure returns (int200 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int200(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(200, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int192 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int192 or
     * greater than largest int192).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int192` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 192 bits
     */
    function toInt192(int256 value) internal pure returns (int192 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int192(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(192, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int184 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int184 or
     * greater than largest int184).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int184` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 184 bits
     */
    function toInt184(int256 value) internal pure returns (int184 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int184(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(184, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int176 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int176 or
     * greater than largest int176).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int176` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 176 bits
     */
    function toInt176(int256 value) internal pure returns (int176 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int176(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(176, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int168 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int168 or
     * greater than largest int168).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int168` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 168 bits
     */
    function toInt168(int256 value) internal pure returns (int168 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int168(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(168, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int160 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int160 or
     * greater than largest int160).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int160` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 160 bits
     */
    function toInt160(int256 value) internal pure returns (int160 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int160(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(160, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int152 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int152 or
     * greater than largest int152).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int152` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 152 bits
     */
    function toInt152(int256 value) internal pure returns (int152 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int152(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(152, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int144 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int144 or
     * greater than largest int144).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int144` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 144 bits
     */
    function toInt144(int256 value) internal pure returns (int144 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int144(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(144, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int136 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int136 or
     * greater than largest int136).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int136` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 136 bits
     */
    function toInt136(int256 value) internal pure returns (int136 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int136(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(136, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int128 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int128 or
     * greater than largest int128).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int128` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 128 bits
     */
    function toInt128(int256 value) internal pure returns (int128 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int128(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(128, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int120 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int120 or
     * greater than largest int120).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int120` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 120 bits
     */
    function toInt120(int256 value) internal pure returns (int120 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int120(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(120, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int112 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int112 or
     * greater than largest int112).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int112` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 112 bits
     */
    function toInt112(int256 value) internal pure returns (int112 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int112(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(112, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int104 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int104 or
     * greater than largest int104).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int104` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 104 bits
     */
    function toInt104(int256 value) internal pure returns (int104 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int104(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(104, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int96 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int96 or
     * greater than largest int96).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int96` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 96 bits
     */
    function toInt96(int256 value) internal pure returns (int96 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int96(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(96, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int88 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int88 or
     * greater than largest int88).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int88` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 88 bits
     */
    function toInt88(int256 value) internal pure returns (int88 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int88(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(88, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int80 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int80 or
     * greater than largest int80).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int80` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 80 bits
     */
    function toInt80(int256 value) internal pure returns (int80 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int80(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(80, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int72 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int72 or
     * greater than largest int72).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int72` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 72 bits
     */
    function toInt72(int256 value) internal pure returns (int72 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int72(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(72, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int64 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int64 or
     * greater than largest int64).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int64` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 64 bits
     */
    function toInt64(int256 value) internal pure returns (int64 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int64(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(64, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int56 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int56 or
     * greater than largest int56).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int56` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 56 bits
     */
    function toInt56(int256 value) internal pure returns (int56 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int56(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(56, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int48 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int48 or
     * greater than largest int48).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int48` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 48 bits
     */
    function toInt48(int256 value) internal pure returns (int48 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int48(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(48, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int40 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int40 or
     * greater than largest int40).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int40` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 40 bits
     */
    function toInt40(int256 value) internal pure returns (int40 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int40(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(40, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int32 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int32 or
     * greater than largest int32).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int32` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 32 bits
     */
    function toInt32(int256 value) internal pure returns (int32 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int32(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(32, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int24 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int24 or
     * greater than largest int24).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int24` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 24 bits
     */
    function toInt24(int256 value) internal pure returns (int24 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int24(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(24, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int16 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int16 or
     * greater than largest int16).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int16` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 16 bits
     */
    function toInt16(int256 value) internal pure returns (int16 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int16(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(16, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the downcasted int8 from int256, reverting on
     * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int8 or
     * greater than largest int8).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `int8` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must fit into 8 bits
     */
    function toInt8(int256 value) internal pure returns (int8 downcasted) {
        downcasted = int8(value);
        if (downcasted != value) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(8, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an unsigned uint256 into a signed int256.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - input must be less than or equal to maxInt256.
     */
    function toInt256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Note: Unsafe cast below is okay because `type(int256).max` is guaranteed to be positive
        if (value > uint256(type(int256).max)) {
            revert SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(value);
        }
        return int256(value);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/types/Time.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Math} from "../math/Math.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../math/SafeCast.sol";

/**
 * @dev This library provides helpers for manipulating time-related objects.
 *
 * It uses the following types:
 * - `uint48` for timepoints
 * - `uint32` for durations
 *
 * While the library doesn't provide specific types for timepoints and duration, it does provide:
 * - a `Delay` type to represent duration that can be programmed to change value automatically at a given point
 * - additional helper functions
 */
library Time {
    using Time for *;

    /**
     * @dev Get the block timestamp as a Timepoint.
     */
    function timestamp() internal view returns (uint48) {
        return SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the block number as a Timepoint.
     */
    function blockNumber() internal view returns (uint48) {
        return SafeCast.toUint48(block.number);
    }

    // ==================================================== Delay =====================================================
    /**
     * @dev A `Delay` is a uint32 duration that can be programmed to change value automatically at a given point in the
     * future. The "effect" timepoint describes when the transitions happens from the "old" value to the "new" value.
     * This allows updating the delay applied to some operation while keeping some guarantees.
     *
     * In particular, the {update} function guarantees that if the delay is reduced, the old delay still applies for
     * some time. For example if the delay is currently 7 days to do an upgrade, the admin should not be able to set
     * the delay to 0 and upgrade immediately. If the admin wants to reduce the delay, the old delay (7 days) should
     * still apply for some time.
     *
     *
     * The `Delay` type is 112 bits long, and packs the following:
     *
     * ```
     *   | [uint48]: effect date (timepoint)
     *   |           | [uint32]: value before (duration)
     *   ↓           ↓       ↓ [uint32]: value after (duration)
     * 0xAAAAAAAAAAAABBBBBBBBCCCCCCCC
     * ```
     *
     * NOTE: The {get} and {withUpdate} functions operate using timestamps. Block number based delays are not currently
     * supported.
     */
    type Delay is uint112;

    /**
     * @dev Wrap a duration into a Delay to add the one-step "update in the future" feature
     */
    function toDelay(uint32 duration) internal pure returns (Delay) {
        return Delay.wrap(duration);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the value at a given timepoint plus the pending value and effect timepoint if there is a scheduled
     * change after this timepoint. If the effect timepoint is 0, then the pending value should not be considered.
     */
    function _getFullAt(Delay self, uint48 timepoint) private pure returns (uint32, uint32, uint48) {
        (uint32 valueBefore, uint32 valueAfter, uint48 effect) = self.unpack();
        return effect <= timepoint ? (valueAfter, 0, 0) : (valueBefore, valueAfter, effect);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the current value plus the pending value and effect timepoint if there is a scheduled change. If the
     * effect timepoint is 0, then the pending value should not be considered.
     */
    function getFull(Delay self) internal view returns (uint32, uint32, uint48) {
        return _getFullAt(self, timestamp());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the current value.
     */
    function get(Delay self) internal view returns (uint32) {
        (uint32 delay, , ) = self.getFull();
        return delay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Update a Delay object so that it takes a new duration after a timepoint that is automatically computed to
     * enforce the old delay at the moment of the update. Returns the updated Delay object and the timestamp when the
     * new delay becomes effective.
     */
    function withUpdate(
        Delay self,
        uint32 newValue,
        uint32 minSetback
    ) internal view returns (Delay updatedDelay, uint48 effect) {
        uint32 value = self.get();
        uint32 setback = uint32(Math.max(minSetback, value > newValue ? value - newValue : 0));
        effect = timestamp() + setback;
        return (pack(value, newValue, effect), effect);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Split a delay into its components: valueBefore, valueAfter and effect (transition timepoint).
     */
    function unpack(Delay self) internal pure returns (uint32 valueBefore, uint32 valueAfter, uint48 effect) {
        uint112 raw = Delay.unwrap(self);

        valueAfter = uint32(raw);
        valueBefore = uint32(raw >> 32);
        effect = uint48(raw >> 64);

        return (valueBefore, valueAfter, effect);
    }

    /**
     * @dev pack the components into a Delay object.
     */
    function pack(uint32 valueBefore, uint32 valueAfter, uint48 effect) internal pure returns (Delay) {
        return Delay.wrap((uint112(effect) << 64) | (uint112(valueBefore) << 32) | uint112(valueAfter));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

import {IEntity} from "src/interfaces/common/IEntity.sol";

import {Initializable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

abstract contract Entity is Initializable, IEntity {
    /**
     * @inheritdoc IEntity
     */
    address public immutable FACTORY;

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IEntity
     */
    uint64 public immutable TYPE;

    constructor(address factory, uint64 type_) {
        _disableInitializers();

        FACTORY = factory;
        TYPE = type_;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IEntity
     */
    function initialize(bytes calldata data) external initializer {
        _initialize(data);
    }

    function _initialize(bytes calldata) internal virtual {}
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

abstract contract StaticDelegateCallable {
    function staticDelegateCall(address target, bytes calldata data) external {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        bytes memory revertData = abi.encode(success, returndata);
        assembly {
            revert(add(32, revertData), mload(revertData))
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

interface IBaseSlasher {
    error NotNetworkMiddleware();
    error NotVault();
    error OutdatedCaptureTimestamp();

    /**
     * @notice Hints for a slashable stake.
     * @param stakeHints hints for the stake checkpoints
     * @param cumulativeSlashFromHint hint for the cumulative slash amount at a capture timestamp
     */
    struct SlashableStakeHints {
        bytes stakeHints;
        bytes cumulativeSlashFromHint;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Get the vault factory's address.
     * @return address of the vault factory
     */
    function VAULT_FACTORY() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get the network middleware service's address.
     * @return address of the network middleware service
     */
    function NETWORK_MIDDLEWARE_SERVICE() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get the vault's address.
     * @return address of the vault to perform slashings on
     */
    function vault() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get the latest capture timestamp that was slashed on a subnetwork.
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @return latest capture timestamp that was slashed
     */
    function latestSlashedCaptureTimestamp(bytes32 subnetwork) external view returns (uint48);

    /**
     * @notice Get a cumulative slash amount for an operator on a subnetwork until a given timestamp (inclusively) using a hint.
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param operator address of the operator
     * @param timestamp time point to get the cumulative slash amount until (inclusively)
     * @param hint hint for the checkpoint index
     * @return cumulative slash amount until the given timestamp (inclusively)
     */
    function cumulativeSlashAt(
        bytes32 subnetwork,
        address operator,
        uint48 timestamp,
        bytes memory hint
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a cumulative slash amount for an operator on a subnetwork.
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param operator address of the operator
     * @return cumulative slash amount
     */
    function cumulativeSlash(bytes32 subnetwork, address operator) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a slashable amount of a stake got at a given capture timestamp using hints.
     * @param subnetwork full identifier of the subnetwork (address of the network concatenated with the uint96 identifier)
     * @param operator address of the operator
     * @param captureTimestamp time point to get the stake amount at
     * @param hints hints for the checkpoints' indexes
     * @return slashable amount of the stake
     */
    function slashableStake(
        bytes32 subnetwork,
        address operator,
        uint48 captureTimestamp,
        bytes memory hints
    ) external view returns (uint256);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

interface INetworkMiddlewareService {
    error AlreadySet();
    error NotNetwork();

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a middleware is set for a network.
     * @param network address of the network
     * @param middleware new middleware of the network
     */
    event SetMiddleware(address indexed network, address middleware);

    /**
     * @notice Get the network registry's address.
     * @return address of the network registry
     */
    function NETWORK_REGISTRY() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get a given network's middleware.
     * @param network address of the network
     * @return middleware of the network
     */
    function middleware(address network) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Set a new middleware for a calling network.
     * @param middleware new middleware of the network
     */
    function setMiddleware(address middleware) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

interface IVaultStorage {
    error InvalidTimestamp();
    error NoPreviousEpoch();

    /**
     * @notice Get a deposit whitelist enabler/disabler's role.
     * @return identifier of the whitelist enabler/disabler role
     */
    function DEPOSIT_WHITELIST_SET_ROLE() external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @notice Get a depositor whitelist status setter's role.
     * @return identifier of the depositor whitelist status setter role
     */
    function DEPOSITOR_WHITELIST_ROLE() external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @notice Get the delegator factory's address.
     * @return address of the delegator factory
     */
    function DELEGATOR_FACTORY() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get the slasher factory's address.
     * @return address of the slasher factory
     */
    function SLASHER_FACTORY() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get a vault collateral.
     * @return address of the underlying collateral
     */
    function collateral() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Get a burner to issue debt to (e.g., 0xdEaD or some unwrapper contract).
     * @return address of the burner
     */
    function burner() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get a delegator (it delegates the vault's stake to networks and operators).
     * @return address of the delegator
     */
    function delegator() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get a slasher (it provides networks a slashing mechanism).
     * @return address of the slasher
     */
    function slasher() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get a time point of the epoch duration set.
     * @return time point of the epoch duration set
     */
    function epochDurationInit() external view returns (uint48);

    /**
     * @notice Get a duration of the vault epoch.
     * @return duration of the epoch
     */
    function epochDuration() external view returns (uint48);

    /**
     * @notice Get an epoch at a given timestamp.
     * @param timestamp time point to get the epoch at
     * @return epoch at the timestamp
     * @dev Reverts if the timestamp is less than the start of the epoch 0.
     */
    function epochAt(uint48 timestamp) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a current vault epoch.
     * @return current epoch
     */
    function currentEpoch() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a start of the current vault epoch.
     * @return start of the current epoch
     */
    function currentEpochStart() external view returns (uint48);

    /**
     * @notice Get a start of the previous vault epoch.
     * @return start of the previous epoch
     * @dev Reverts if the current epoch is 0.
     */
    function previousEpochStart() external view returns (uint48);

    /**
     * @notice Get a start of the next vault epoch.
     * @return start of the next epoch
     */
    function nextEpochStart() external view returns (uint48);

    /**
     * @notice Get if the deposit whitelist is enabled.
     * @return if the deposit whitelist is enabled
     */
    function depositWhitelist() external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice Get if a given account is whitelisted as a depositor.
     * @param account address to check
     * @return if the account is whitelisted as a depositor
     */
    function isDepositorWhitelisted(address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice Get a total number of active shares in the vault at a given timestamp using a hint.
     * @param timestamp time point to get the total number of active shares at
     * @param hint hint for the checkpoint index
     * @return total number of active shares at the timestamp
     */
    function activeSharesAt(uint48 timestamp, bytes memory hint) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a total number of active shares in the vault.
     * @return total number of active shares
     */
    function activeShares() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a total amount of active stake in the vault at a given timestamp using a hint.
     * @param timestamp time point to get the total active stake at
     * @param hint hint for the checkpoint index
     * @return total amount of active stake at the timestamp
     */
    function activeStakeAt(uint48 timestamp, bytes memory hint) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a total amount of active stake in the vault.
     * @return total amount of active stake
     */
    function activeStake() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a total number of active shares for a particular account at a given timestamp using a hint.
     * @param account account to get the number of active shares for
     * @param timestamp time point to get the number of active shares for the account at
     * @param hint hint for the checkpoint index
     * @return number of active shares for the account at the timestamp
     */
    function activeSharesOfAt(address account, uint48 timestamp, bytes memory hint) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a number of active shares for a particular account.
     * @param account account to get the number of active shares for
     * @return number of active shares for the account
     */
    function activeSharesOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a total amount of the withdrawals at a given epoch.
     * @param epoch epoch to get the total amount of the withdrawals at
     * @return total amount of the withdrawals at the epoch
     */
    function withdrawals(uint256 epoch) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a total number of withdrawal shares at a given epoch.
     * @param epoch epoch to get the total number of withdrawal shares at
     * @return total number of withdrawal shares at the epoch
     */
    function withdrawalShares(uint256 epoch) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get a number of withdrawal shares for a particular account at a given epoch (zero if claimed).
     * @param epoch epoch to get the number of withdrawal shares for the account at
     * @param account account to get the number of withdrawal shares for
     * @return number of withdrawal shares for the account at the epoch
     */
    function withdrawalSharesOf(uint256 epoch, address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Get if the withdrawals are claimed for a particular account at a given epoch.
     * @param epoch epoch to check the withdrawals for the account at
     * @param account account to check the withdrawals for
     * @return if the withdrawals are claimed for the account at the epoch
     */
    function isWithdrawalsClaimed(uint256 epoch, address account) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/structs/Checkpoints.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/Checkpoints.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Math} from "../math/Math.sol";

/**
 * @dev This library defines the `Trace*` struct, for checkpointing values as they change at different points in
 * time, and later looking up past values by block number. See {Votes} as an example.
 *
 * To create a history of checkpoints define a variable type `Checkpoints.Trace*` in your contract, and store a new
 * checkpoint for the current transaction block using the {push} function.
 */
library Checkpoints {
    /**
     * @dev A value was attempted to be inserted on a past checkpoint.
     */
    error CheckpointUnorderedInsertion();

    struct Trace224 {
        Checkpoint224[] _checkpoints;
    }

    struct Checkpoint224 {
        uint32 _key;
        uint224 _value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Pushes a (`key`, `value`) pair into a Trace224 so that it is stored as the checkpoint.
     *
     * Returns previous value and new value.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Never accept `key` as a user input, since an arbitrary `type(uint32).max` key set will disable the
     * library.
     */
    function push(Trace224 storage self, uint32 key, uint224 value) internal returns (uint224, uint224) {
        return _insert(self._checkpoints, key, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the first (oldest) checkpoint with key greater or equal than the search key, or zero if
     * there is none.
     */
    function lowerLookup(Trace224 storage self, uint32 key) internal view returns (uint224) {
        uint256 len = self._checkpoints.length;
        uint256 pos = _lowerBinaryLookup(self._checkpoints, key, 0, len);
        return pos == len ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the last (most recent) checkpoint with key lower or equal than the search key, or zero
     * if there is none.
     */
    function upperLookup(Trace224 storage self, uint32 key) internal view returns (uint224) {
        uint256 len = self._checkpoints.length;
        uint256 pos = _upperBinaryLookup(self._checkpoints, key, 0, len);
        return pos == 0 ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the last (most recent) checkpoint with key lower or equal than the search key, or zero
     * if there is none.
     *
     * NOTE: This is a variant of {upperLookup} that is optimised to find "recent" checkpoint (checkpoints with high
     * keys).
     */
    function upperLookupRecent(Trace224 storage self, uint32 key) internal view returns (uint224) {
        uint256 len = self._checkpoints.length;

        uint256 low = 0;
        uint256 high = len;

        if (len > 5) {
            uint256 mid = len - Math.sqrt(len);
            if (key < _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, mid)._key) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }

        uint256 pos = _upperBinaryLookup(self._checkpoints, key, low, high);

        return pos == 0 ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the most recent checkpoint, or zero if there are no checkpoints.
     */
    function latest(Trace224 storage self) internal view returns (uint224) {
        uint256 pos = self._checkpoints.length;
        return pos == 0 ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether there is a checkpoint in the structure (i.e. it is not empty), and if so the key and value
     * in the most recent checkpoint.
     */
    function latestCheckpoint(Trace224 storage self) internal view returns (bool exists, uint32 _key, uint224 _value) {
        uint256 pos = self._checkpoints.length;
        if (pos == 0) {
            return (false, 0, 0);
        } else {
            Checkpoint224 memory ckpt = _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1);
            return (true, ckpt._key, ckpt._value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of checkpoint.
     */
    function length(Trace224 storage self) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return self._checkpoints.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns checkpoint at given position.
     */
    function at(Trace224 storage self, uint32 pos) internal view returns (Checkpoint224 memory) {
        return self._checkpoints[pos];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Pushes a (`key`, `value`) pair into an ordered list of checkpoints, either by inserting a new checkpoint,
     * or by updating the last one.
     */
    function _insert(Checkpoint224[] storage self, uint32 key, uint224 value) private returns (uint224, uint224) {
        uint256 pos = self.length;

        if (pos > 0) {
            // Copying to memory is important here.
            Checkpoint224 memory last = _unsafeAccess(self, pos - 1);

            // Checkpoint keys must be non-decreasing.
            if (last._key > key) {
                revert CheckpointUnorderedInsertion();
            }

            // Update or push new checkpoint
            if (last._key == key) {
                _unsafeAccess(self, pos - 1)._value = value;
            } else {
                self.push(Checkpoint224({_key: key, _value: value}));
            }
            return (last._value, value);
        } else {
            self.push(Checkpoint224({_key: key, _value: value}));
            return (0, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the index of the last (most recent) checkpoint with key lower or equal than the search key, or `high`
     * if there is none. `low` and `high` define a section where to do the search, with inclusive `low` and exclusive
     * `high`.
     *
     * WARNING: `high` should not be greater than the array's length.
     */
    function _upperBinaryLookup(
        Checkpoint224[] storage self,
        uint32 key,
        uint256 low,
        uint256 high
    ) private view returns (uint256) {
        while (low < high) {
            uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
            if (_unsafeAccess(self, mid)._key > key) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }
        return high;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the index of the first (oldest) checkpoint with key is greater or equal than the search key, or
     * `high` if there is none. `low` and `high` define a section where to do the search, with inclusive `low` and
     * exclusive `high`.
     *
     * WARNING: `high` should not be greater than the array's length.
     */
    function _lowerBinaryLookup(
        Checkpoint224[] storage self,
        uint32 key,
        uint256 low,
        uint256 high
    ) private view returns (uint256) {
        while (low < high) {
            uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
            if (_unsafeAccess(self, mid)._key < key) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else {
                high = mid;
            }
        }
        return high;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Access an element of the array without performing bounds check. The position is assumed to be within bounds.
     */
    function _unsafeAccess(
        Checkpoint224[] storage self,
        uint256 pos
    ) private pure returns (Checkpoint224 storage result) {
        assembly {
            mstore(0, self.slot)
            result.slot := add(keccak256(0, 0x20), pos)
        }
    }

    struct Trace208 {
        Checkpoint208[] _checkpoints;
    }

    struct Checkpoint208 {
        uint48 _key;
        uint208 _value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Pushes a (`key`, `value`) pair into a Trace208 so that it is stored as the checkpoint.
     *
     * Returns previous value and new value.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Never accept `key` as a user input, since an arbitrary `type(uint48).max` key set will disable the
     * library.
     */
    function push(Trace208 storage self, uint48 key, uint208 value) internal returns (uint208, uint208) {
        return _insert(self._checkpoints, key, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the first (oldest) checkpoint with key greater or equal than the search key, or zero if
     * there is none.
     */
    function lowerLookup(Trace208 storage self, uint48 key) internal view returns (uint208) {
        uint256 len = self._checkpoints.length;
        uint256 pos = _lowerBinaryLookup(self._checkpoints, key, 0, len);
        return pos == len ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the last (most recent) checkpoint with key lower or equal than the search key, or zero
     * if there is none.
     */
    function upperLookup(Trace208 storage self, uint48 key) internal view returns (uint208) {
        uint256 len = self._checkpoints.length;
        uint256 pos = _upperBinaryLookup(self._checkpoints, key, 0, len);
        return pos == 0 ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the last (most recent) checkpoint with key lower or equal than the search key, or zero
     * if there is none.
     *
     * NOTE: This is a variant of {upperLookup} that is optimised to find "recent" checkpoint (checkpoints with high
     * keys).
     */
    function upperLookupRecent(Trace208 storage self, uint48 key) internal view returns (uint208) {
        uint256 len = self._checkpoints.length;

        uint256 low = 0;
        uint256 high = len;

        if (len > 5) {
            uint256 mid = len - Math.sqrt(len);
            if (key < _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, mid)._key) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }

        uint256 pos = _upperBinaryLookup(self._checkpoints, key, low, high);

        return pos == 0 ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the most recent checkpoint, or zero if there are no checkpoints.
     */
    function latest(Trace208 storage self) internal view returns (uint208) {
        uint256 pos = self._checkpoints.length;
        return pos == 0 ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether there is a checkpoint in the structure (i.e. it is not empty), and if so the key and value
     * in the most recent checkpoint.
     */
    function latestCheckpoint(Trace208 storage self) internal view returns (bool exists, uint48 _key, uint208 _value) {
        uint256 pos = self._checkpoints.length;
        if (pos == 0) {
            return (false, 0, 0);
        } else {
            Checkpoint208 memory ckpt = _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1);
            return (true, ckpt._key, ckpt._value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of checkpoint.
     */
    function length(Trace208 storage self) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return self._checkpoints.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns checkpoint at given position.
     */
    function at(Trace208 storage self, uint32 pos) internal view returns (Checkpoint208 memory) {
        return self._checkpoints[pos];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Pushes a (`key`, `value`) pair into an ordered list of checkpoints, either by inserting a new checkpoint,
     * or by updating the last one.
     */
    function _insert(Checkpoint208[] storage self, uint48 key, uint208 value) private returns (uint208, uint208) {
        uint256 pos = self.length;

        if (pos > 0) {
            // Copying to memory is important here.
            Checkpoint208 memory last = _unsafeAccess(self, pos - 1);

            // Checkpoint keys must be non-decreasing.
            if (last._key > key) {
                revert CheckpointUnorderedInsertion();
            }

            // Update or push new checkpoint
            if (last._key == key) {
                _unsafeAccess(self, pos - 1)._value = value;
            } else {
                self.push(Checkpoint208({_key: key, _value: value}));
            }
            return (last._value, value);
        } else {
            self.push(Checkpoint208({_key: key, _value: value}));
            return (0, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the index of the last (most recent) checkpoint with key lower or equal than the search key, or `high`
     * if there is none. `low` and `high` define a section where to do the search, with inclusive `low` and exclusive
     * `high`.
     *
     * WARNING: `high` should not be greater than the array's length.
     */
    function _upperBinaryLookup(
        Checkpoint208[] storage self,
        uint48 key,
        uint256 low,
        uint256 high
    ) private view returns (uint256) {
        while (low < high) {
            uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
            if (_unsafeAccess(self, mid)._key > key) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }
        return high;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the index of the first (oldest) checkpoint with key is greater or equal than the search key, or
     * `high` if there is none. `low` and `high` define a section where to do the search, with inclusive `low` and
     * exclusive `high`.
     *
     * WARNING: `high` should not be greater than the array's length.
     */
    function _lowerBinaryLookup(
        Checkpoint208[] storage self,
        uint48 key,
        uint256 low,
        uint256 high
    ) private view returns (uint256) {
        while (low < high) {
            uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
            if (_unsafeAccess(self, mid)._key < key) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else {
                high = mid;
            }
        }
        return high;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Access an element of the array without performing bounds check. The position is assumed to be within bounds.
     */
    function _unsafeAccess(
        Checkpoint208[] storage self,
        uint256 pos
    ) private pure returns (Checkpoint208 storage result) {
        assembly {
            mstore(0, self.slot)
            result.slot := add(keccak256(0, 0x20), pos)
        }
    }

    struct Trace160 {
        Checkpoint160[] _checkpoints;
    }

    struct Checkpoint160 {
        uint96 _key;
        uint160 _value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Pushes a (`key`, `value`) pair into a Trace160 so that it is stored as the checkpoint.
     *
     * Returns previous value and new value.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Never accept `key` as a user input, since an arbitrary `type(uint96).max` key set will disable the
     * library.
     */
    function push(Trace160 storage self, uint96 key, uint160 value) internal returns (uint160, uint160) {
        return _insert(self._checkpoints, key, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the first (oldest) checkpoint with key greater or equal than the search key, or zero if
     * there is none.
     */
    function lowerLookup(Trace160 storage self, uint96 key) internal view returns (uint160) {
        uint256 len = self._checkpoints.length;
        uint256 pos = _lowerBinaryLookup(self._checkpoints, key, 0, len);
        return pos == len ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the last (most recent) checkpoint with key lower or equal than the search key, or zero
     * if there is none.
     */
    function upperLookup(Trace160 storage self, uint96 key) internal view returns (uint160) {
        uint256 len = self._checkpoints.length;
        uint256 pos = _upperBinaryLookup(self._checkpoints, key, 0, len);
        return pos == 0 ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the last (most recent) checkpoint with key lower or equal than the search key, or zero
     * if there is none.
     *
     * NOTE: This is a variant of {upperLookup} that is optimised to find "recent" checkpoint (checkpoints with high
     * keys).
     */
    function upperLookupRecent(Trace160 storage self, uint96 key) internal view returns (uint160) {
        uint256 len = self._checkpoints.length;

        uint256 low = 0;
        uint256 high = len;

        if (len > 5) {
            uint256 mid = len - Math.sqrt(len);
            if (key < _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, mid)._key) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }

        uint256 pos = _upperBinaryLookup(self._checkpoints, key, low, high);

        return pos == 0 ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value in the most recent checkpoint, or zero if there are no checkpoints.
     */
    function latest(Trace160 storage self) internal view returns (uint160) {
        uint256 pos = self._checkpoints.length;
        return pos == 0 ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1)._value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether there is a checkpoint in the structure (i.e. it is not empty), and if so the key and value
     * in the most recent checkpoint.
     */
    function latestCheckpoint(Trace160 storage self) internal view returns (bool exists, uint96 _key, uint160 _value) {
        uint256 pos = self._checkpoints.length;
        if (pos == 0) {
            return (false, 0, 0);
        } else {
            Checkpoint160 memory ckpt = _unsafeAccess(self._checkpoints, pos - 1);
            return (true, ckpt._key, ckpt._value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of checkpoint.
     */
    function length(Trace160 storage self) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return self._checkpoints.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns checkpoint at given position.
     */
    function at(Trace160 storage self, uint32 pos) internal view returns (Checkpoint160 memory) {
        return self._checkpoints[pos];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Pushes a (`key`, `value`) pair into an ordered list of checkpoints, either by inserting a new checkpoint,
     * or by updating the last one.
     */
    function _insert(Checkpoint160[] storage self, uint96 key, uint160 value) private returns (uint160, uint160) {
        uint256 pos = self.length;

        if (pos > 0) {
            // Copying to memory is important here.
            Checkpoint160 memory last = _unsafeAccess(self, pos - 1);

            // Checkpoint keys must be non-decreasing.
            if (last._key > key) {
                revert CheckpointUnorderedInsertion();
            }

            // Update or push new checkpoint
            if (last._key == key) {
                _unsafeAccess(self, pos - 1)._value = value;
            } else {
                self.push(Checkpoint160({_key: key, _value: value}));
            }
            return (last._value, value);
        } else {
            self.push(Checkpoint160({_key: key, _value: value}));
            return (0, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the index of the last (most recent) checkpoint with key lower or equal than the search key, or `high`
     * if there is none. `low` and `high` define a section where to do the search, with inclusive `low` and exclusive
     * `high`.
     *
     * WARNING: `high` should not be greater than the array's length.
     */
    function _upperBinaryLookup(
        Checkpoint160[] storage self,
        uint96 key,
        uint256 low,
        uint256 high
    ) private view returns (uint256) {
        while (low < high) {
            uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
            if (_unsafeAccess(self, mid)._key > key) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }
        return high;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the index of the first (oldest) checkpoint with key is greater or equal than the search key, or
     * `high` if there is none. `low` and `high` define a section where to do the search, with inclusive `low` and
     * exclusive `high`.
     *
     * WARNING: `high` should not be greater than the array's length.
     */
    function _lowerBinaryLookup(
        Checkpoint160[] storage self,
        uint96 key,
        uint256 low,
        uint256 high
    ) private view returns (uint256) {
        while (low < high) {
            uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
            if (_unsafeAccess(self, mid)._key < key) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else {
                high = mid;
            }
        }
        return high;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Access an element of the array without performing bounds check. The position is assumed to be within bounds.
     */
    function _unsafeAccess(
        Checkpoint160[] storage self,
        uint256 pos
    ) private pure returns (Checkpoint160 storage result) {
        assembly {
            mstore(0, self.slot)
            result.slot := add(keccak256(0, 0x20), pos)
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.25;

interface IEntity {
    /**
     * @notice Get the factory's address.
     * @return address of the factory
     */
    function FACTORY() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Get the entity's type.
     * @return type of the entity
     */
    function TYPE() external view returns (uint64);

    /**
     * @notice Initialize this entity contract by using a given data.
     * @param data some data to use
     */
    function initialize(bytes calldata data) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
 * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
 * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
 *
 * For example:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```solidity
 * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
 *     function initialize() initializer public {
 *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
 *     }
 * }
 *
 * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
 *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
 *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
 * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() {
 *     _disableInitializers();
 * }
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Storage of the initializable contract.
     *
     * It's implemented on a custom ERC-7201 namespace to reduce the risk of storage collisions
     * when using with upgradeable contracts.
     *
     * @custom:storage-location erc7201:openzeppelin.storage.Initializable
     */
    struct InitializableStorage {
        /**
         * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
         */
        uint64 _initialized;
        /**
         * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
         */
        bool _initializing;
    }

    // keccak256(abi.encode(uint256(keccak256("openzeppelin.storage.Initializable")) - 1)) & ~bytes32(uint256(0xff))
    bytes32 private constant INITIALIZABLE_STORAGE = 0xf0c57e16840df040f15088dc2f81fe391c3923bec73e23a9662efc9c229c6a00;

    /**
     * @dev The contract is already initialized.
     */
    error InvalidInitialization();

    /**
     * @dev The contract is not initializing.
     */
    error NotInitializing();

    /**
     * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
     */
    event Initialized(uint64 version);

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
     * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * Similar to `reinitializer(1)`, except that in the context of a constructor an `initializer` may be invoked any
     * number of times. This behavior in the constructor can be useful during testing and is not expected to be used in
     * production.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        // Cache values to avoid duplicated sloads
        bool isTopLevelCall = !$._initializing;
        uint64 initialized = $._initialized;

        // Allowed calls:
        // - initialSetup: the contract is not in the initializing state and no previous version was
        //                 initialized
        // - construction: the contract is initialized at version 1 (no reininitialization) and the
        //                 current contract is just being deployed
        bool initialSetup = initialized == 0 && isTopLevelCall;
        bool construction = initialized == 1 && address(this).code.length == 0;

        if (!initialSetup && !construction) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        $._initialized = 1;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            $._initializing = true;
        }
        _;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            $._initializing = false;
            emit Initialized(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
     * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
     * used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
     * are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
     *
     * When `version` is 1, this modifier is similar to `initializer`, except that functions marked with `reinitializer`
     * cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
     *
     * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
     * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
     *
     * WARNING: Setting the version to 2**64 - 1 will prevent any future reinitialization.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier reinitializer(uint64 version) {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        if ($._initializing || $._initialized >= version) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        $._initialized = version;
        $._initializing = true;
        _;
        $._initializing = false;
        emit Initialized(version);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        _checkInitializing();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the contract is not in an initializing state. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _checkInitializing() internal view virtual {
        if (!_isInitializing()) {
            revert NotInitializing();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
     * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
     * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
     * through proxies.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event the first time it is successfully executed.
     */
    function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        if ($._initializing) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        if ($._initialized != type(uint64).max) {
            $._initialized = type(uint64).max;
            emit Initialized(type(uint64).max);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the highest version that has been initialized. See {reinitializer}.
     */
    function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint64) {
        return _getInitializableStorage()._initialized;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if the contract is currently initializing. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _getInitializableStorage()._initializing;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns a pointer to the storage namespace.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
    function _getInitializableStorage() private pure returns (InitializableStorage storage $) {
        assembly {
            $.slot := INITIALIZABLE_STORAGE
        }
    }
}

{
  "remappings": [
    "forge-std/=lib/forge-std/src/",
    "@openzeppelin/contracts/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/",
    "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/contracts/",
    "ds-test/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts/lib/forge-std/lib/ds-test/src/",
    "erc4626-tests/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts/lib/erc4626-tests/",
    "openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/",
    "openzeppelin-contracts/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts/"
  ],
  "optimizer": {
    "enabled": true,
    "runs": 200
  },
  "metadata": {
    "useLiteralContent": false,
    "bytecodeHash": "ipfs",
    "appendCBOR": true
  },
  "outputSelection": {
    "*": {
      "*": [
        "evm.bytecode",
        "evm.deployedBytecode",
        "devdoc",
        "userdoc",
        "metadata",
        "abi"
      ]
    }
  },
  "evmVersion": "paris",
  "viaIR": true,
  "libraries": {}
}

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tateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"subnetwork","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"address","name":"operator","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"captureTimestamp","type":"uint48"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"hints","type":"bytes"}],"name":"requestSlash","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"slashIndex","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"subnetwork","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"hint","type":"bytes"}],"name":"resolver","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"subnetwork","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"timestamp","type":"uint48"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"hint","type":"bytes"}],"name":"resolverAt","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"resolverSetEpochsDelay","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint96","name":"identifier","type":"uint96"},{"internalType":"address","name":"resolver_","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"hints","type":"bytes"}],"name":"setResolver","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"name":"slashRequests","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"subnetwork","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"address","name":"operator","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"captureTimestamp","type":"uint48"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"vetoDeadline","type":"uint48"},{"internalType":"bool","name":"completed","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"slashRequestsLength","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"subnetwork","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"address","name":"operator","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"captureTimestamp","type":"uint48"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"hints","type":"bytes"}],"name":"slashableStake","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"target","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"data","type":"bytes"}],"name":"staticDelegateCall","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"vault","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"vetoDuration","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint48","name":"","type":"uint48"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"slashIndex","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"hints","type":"bytes"}],"name":"vetoSlash","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"}]